Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology
Pertanika Journal Home Facebook
Pertanika · Universiti Putra Malaysia Press

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology

Official journal of Universiti Putra Malaysia for scholarly work across science, engineering and related technologies.

e-ISSN 2231-8526 ISSN 0128-7680
Research article

Towards Designing a Framework for Adaptive Gamification Learning Analytics in Quranic Memorisation

Siti Hasrinafasya Che Hassan, Syadiah Nor Wan Shamsuddin and Nor Hafizi Yusof

https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.31.1.16
KeywordsAdaptive gamification, game aesthetics, game dynamics, game mechanics, learning analytics, Quranic memorisation, self-regulated learning
Article content

Abstract

The difficulty of sustaining and preserving the quality of Quranic memorisation is still an unsolved problem. Motivation and engagement are the most desired experiential qualities to memorise the Quran. This paper presents a framework for introducing adaptive gamification technology (integrated into the student learning experiences) by providing appropriate personalised formative memorising activities. A methodology that follows the three stages, which are analysis, design, and evaluation, was implemented in this study. A validation process by experts was conducted to get the relevant criticisms and recommendations for further improvement of the proposed framework. The results demonstrated that all components are compatible and usable for developing a prototype application specifically for self-learning Quranic memorisation. With proper integration of gamification in learning and assessment activities, a positive impact on the memorisation process can be achieved, such as higher satisfaction, motivation and greater achievement of students through appropriate learning analysis. Therefore, the proposed conceptual framework known as Gamification Learning for Al-Quran Memorisation (GLAM-Q) is expected to contribute significantly and be a reference model in developing a Quranic memorisation application.
Supporting literature

References

  1. Abdullah, A. H., Safar, A., Mustari, M. I., Muhammad, A., & Ismail, I. (2003). Keberkesanan kaedah hafazan di Pusat Tahfiz (Laporan penyelidikan) [The effectiveness of the memorization method at the Tahiz Center]. Pusat Pengajian Islam & Pembangunan Sosial, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
  2. Abdullah, A. H., & Muda, H. H. (2004, December 7-9). Kaedah hafazan Al-Qur’an yang sistematik dan praktikal dalam melahirkan para Huffaz yang Rasikh [A systematic and practical method of Al-Qur’an memorization in producing Raskh Huffaz]. In International Seminar On Islamic Thoughts Proceeding (pp. 93-102), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
  3. Abro, B., Naqvi, A. B., & Hussain, A. (2012). Qur’an recognition for the purpose of memorisation using speech recognition technique. In 15th International Multitopic Conference (INMIC) (pp. 30-33). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/inmic.2012.6511440
  4. Adhoni, Z. A., Al Hamad, H., Siddiqi, A. A., & Adhoni, Z. A. (2014). An instant-based Qur’an memorizer application interface. In 2013 International Conference on Information Science and Cloud Computing Companion (pp. 382-387). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCC-C.2013.14
  5. Adhoni, Z. A., Al Hamad, H., Siddiqi, A. A., Parvez, M., & Adhoni, Z. A. (2013). Cloud-based online portal and mobile friendly application for the Holy Qur’an. Life Science Journal, 10, 524-538.
  6. Ahmad, H., Zainuddin, N. M. M., Ali, R., Maarop, N., Yusoff, R. C. M., & Hassan, W. A. W. (2018). Augmented reality to memorize al-Quran for hearing impaired students: A preliminary analysis. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 10(2S), 91-102. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v10i2s.8
  7. Ahmad, N., Yaacob, M. T., Suratman, M. N., Shuib, S., Samsungei, M. A., Azali, M. F. M., Manaf, A. J. A., Abdullah, I., Sood, Z. M., Rahim, M. M. A., Sulaiman, S., Mudeen, N. S. N., Dahalan, S. B., Sham, N. H. M., Sidek, M. A. R., Zain, A. R. M., Muda, O., Zin, N. M., & Mansor, A. H. (2019). Kaedah hafazan Al-Quran model Malaysia [The Malaysian model Al-Quran memorizaton method]. Darul Quran JAKIM.
  8. Almosallam, E., Alawadh, M. M., Alhasani, R. S., Almansour, S. M., Altamimi, W. A., & Altujjar, Y. R. (2015). ITQAN: A mobile based assistant for mastering quran memorization. In 5th International Conference on E-Learning (ECONF 2015) (pp. 349-352). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.42
  9. Alomair, Y., & Hammami, S. (2020). A Review of Methods for Adaptive Gamified Learning Environments. In 2020 3rd International Conference on Computer Applications and Information Security (ICCAIS) (pp. 0-5). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCAIS48893.2020.9096871
  10. Ambo, N. F., & Mokhsein, S. E. (2019). Trend and issue in learning strategy of Tahfiz Model Ulul Albab (TMUA). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(7), 1418-1426. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v9-i7/6789
  11. Anwar, M. A. (2019). Revitalizing the method of repetition in the recitation of the Qur’an. Istawa: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam (IJPI), 4(2), 156-167. https://doi.org/10.24269/ijpi.v4i2.1995
  12. Ariffin, S., Abdullah, M., Suliaman, I., Ahmad, K., Deraman, F., Shah, F. A., Zulkifli, Y., Yusoff, M., Munirah, M., Razzak, A., Murshidi, M., Noor, M., Meftah, J. T., Kasar, A. K., Amir, S., Roslan, M., & Nor, M. (2013). Effective techniques of memorizing the Quran: A study at Madrasah tahfiz Al-quran, Terengganu, Malaysia. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 13(1), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.13.1.1762
  13. Aziz, M. M., Abdullah, W. M., Ahmad, A. M., Mushim, M. A. A., & Shahrudin, M. S. (2019). Comparison between conventional method and modern technology in Al-Qur’an memorization. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(1), 289-294.
  14. Bakri, A., Zakaria, N. H., Zainuldin, S. N. M., & AbuSafia, A. H. (2014). A Conceptual model of Al-Furqan courseware using persuasive system design for early learning childhood. In 8th Malaysian Software Engineering Conference (MySEC) (pp. 336-341). IEEE Publishing.
  15. Böckle, M., Micheel, I., Bick, M., & Novak, J. (2018). A design framework for adaptive gamification applications. In Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii Internation Conference on System Sciences (pp. 1227-1236). University of Hawai.
  16. Cano, A. R., Fernández-manjón, B., & García-Tejedor, Á. J. (2016). Downtown, a subway adventure: Using learning analytics to improve the development of a learning game for people with intellectual disabilities. In 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2016) (pp. 125-129). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICALT.2016.46
  17. Cariaga, A. A., & Feria, R. (2015). Learning Analytics through a Digital Game-Based Learning Environment. In 6th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications (IISA) (pp. 1-3). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/IISA.2015.7387992
  18. Chatti, M. A., Dyckhoff, A. L., Schroeder, U., & Thüs, H. (2012). A reference model for learning analytics. International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 4(5-6), 318-331. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTEL.2012.051815
  19. Deterding, S., Dixon, D., Khaled, R., & Nacke, L. (2011). From game design elements to gamefulness: Defining “gamification”. In Proceedings of the 15th International Academic MindTrek Conference on Envisioning Future Media Environments (pp. 9-15). ACM Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1145/2181037.2181040
  20. Dzulkifli, M. A., Rahman, A. W. A., Solihu, A. K. H., & Ahmed, J. (2014). Optimizing human memory: An insight from the study of Al Huffaz. In The 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for the Muslim World (ICT4M) (pp. 1-4). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT4M.2014.7020624
  21. Dzulkifli, M. A., & Solihu, A. K. H. (2018). Methods of Qur’anic memorisation (Hifz): Implications for learning performance. Intellectual Discourse, 26(2), 931-947.
  22. Frankenmolen, N. L., Overdorp, E. J., Fasotti, L., Claassen, J. A. H. R., Kessels, R. P. C., & Oosterman, J. M. (2018). Memory strategy training in older adults with subjective memory complaints: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 24(10), 1110-1120. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617718000619
  23. Hamiz, M., Bakri, M., Haron, H., Sabri, S. M., & Jamil, N. (2014). Repetitive memorization mobile application development for elderly memory recall. In 2014 IEEE Conference on e-Learning, e-Management and e-Services (IC3e) (pp. 150-155). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/IC3e.2014.7081258
  24. Hashim, A. (2015). Correlation between strategy of Tahfiz learning styles and students performance in Al-Qur’an memorization (Hifz). Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(2), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s5p85
  25. Hassan, M. A., Habiba, U., Majeed, F., & Shoaib, M. (2021). Adaptive gamification in e-learning based on students’ learning styles. Interactive Learning Environments, 29(4), 545-565. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1588745
  26. Ibrahim, F. W., Rahman, N. F. A., Rahman, S. A., Warif, N. M. A., Harun, D., Ghazali, A. R., Yahya, H. M., Ariffin, F., Mohamad, S., & Ishak, I. (2018). Dietary intake, levels of trace elements and intelligence quotient ( IQ ) among Huffaz students from selected Tahfiz schools in Selangor. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia Isu Khas 2018, 129-136. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org./10.17576/JSKM-2018-18
  27. Ismail, M. J., Mohamad, S., Puji, T. T., & Yusof, N. H. (2017). Strategi kecemerlangan Institusi Pendidikan Tahfiz Al-Quran di Malaysia: Satu tinjauan literatur [The excellence strategy of Tahfiz Al-Quran educational institutions in Malaysia: A literatre review]. Jurnal Islam Dan Masyarakat Kontemporari, 15, 55-65.
  28. Lavoué, E., Monterrat, B., Desmarais, M., & George, S. (2019). Adaptive gamification for learning environments. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 12(1), 16-28. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2018.2823710
  29. Morschheuser, B., Hassan, L., Werder, K., & Hamari, J. (2018). How to design gamification? A method for engineering gamified software. Information and Software Technology, 95, 219-237. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2017.10.015
  30. Moulana, S. J. (2017). Synergy : Game Design + Qur’an Memorization (Master thesis). Virginia Commonwealth University, USA. https://doi.org/10.25772/JT9P-WA53
  31. Muluk, S., Habiburrahim, H., & Rechal, S. R. (2020). Students’ awareness and perception towards learning styles. Jurnal Ilmiah Didaktika: Media Ilmiah Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 20(2), 143-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jid.v20i2.5229
  32. Mustafa, N. M., & Basri, M. (2014a). A preliminary study on mobile Quranic memorization for remote education learning using RFID technology: KUIS as a case study. GLIT E-Journal Language Practice & Information Technology, 45-50.
  33. Mustafa, N. M., & Basri, M. (2014b, June 9-10). Perbandingan kaedah hafazan al-Quran tradisional dan moden: Satu kajian awal. In Proceeding of the Social Sciences Research ICSSR 2014 (pp. 827-834). Sabah, Malaysia.
  34. Mustafa, N. M., Zaki, Z. M., Mohamad, K. A., Basri, M., & Ariffin, S. (2019). The design of Quran memorization tool using low-fidelity prototype. Advancing Technology Industrialization through Intelligent Software Methodologies, Tools and Techniques, 318, 430-443. https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA190069
  35. Nafi, N. M., Mokhtar, W. K. A. W., & Imas, M. M. (2019). The Holy Quran memorization in globalization era. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(11), 588-596. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i11/6579
  36. Ofosu-Ampong, K. (2020). The shift to gamification in education: A review on dominant issues. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 49(1), 113-137. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239520917629
  37. Priatna, T., Nurhamzah, N., Suryana, Y., & Nurdiansah, N. (2020). Developing management of Quran memorization institutions through the web system. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 9(1), 465-468. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2020/63912020
  38. Purbohadi, D., Rahmawati, B. R. N., & Setiyawan, H. (2019). Development of Qur’an memorization learning model based on mobile learning. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1381(1), 012029. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1381/1/012029
  39. Rosmansyah, Y., Kartikasari, N., & Wuryandari, A. I. (2017). A learning analytics tool for monitoring and improving students’ learning process. In 2017 6th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICEEI) (pp. 1-5). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEI.2017.8312462
  40. Rosmansyah, Y., & Rosyid, M. R. (2017). Mobile learning with gamification for Alquran memorization. In 2017 International Conference on Information Technology Systems and Innovation (ICITSI) (pp. 378-383). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITSI.2017.8267974
  41. Rouse, K. E. (2013). Gamification in science education: The relationship of educational games to motivation and achievement (Doctoral dissertation). The University of Southern Mississippi, USA.
  42. Rozi, F., Rosmansyah, Y., & Dabarsyah, B. (2019). A systematic literature review on adaptive gamification: Components, methods, and frameworks. In 2019 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICEEI) (pp. 187-190). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEI47359.2019.8988857
  43. Sabbri, F. S. M. (2016). Exploring student motivation and challenges in Tahfiz class in selected private Islamic secondary schools in Selangor: A case study (Doctoral dissertation). International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia.
  44. Saleem, A. (2018). Memorization without comprehension: A window onto the ‘extremities’ of the capability of human brain. Al-Idah, 36(1), 25-40.
  45. Salehuddin, K., Shahimim, M. M., Sulaiman, M. Z., & Zolkapli, R. B. M. (2019). Heat maps and scan paths: Qualitative eye-tracking evidence on how the Qur’an is memorized through reading. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 318-334. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp318-334
  46. Schunk, D. H. (2012). Learning theories: An educational perspective (6th Ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.
  47. Senan, N., Aziz, W. A. W. A., Othman, M. F., & Suparjoh, S. (2017). Embedding repetition (Takrir) technique in developing Al-Quran memorizing mobile application for autism children. In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 135, p. 00076). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713500076
  48. Sezgin, S., & Yüzer, T. V. (2020). Analysing adaptive gamification design principles for online courses. Behaviour and Information Technology, 41(3), 485-501.
  49. Shamsuddin, S. N. W., Bakar, N. F. A., Makhtar, M., Isa, W. M. W., Rozaimee, A., & Yusof, N. (2016). A framework for designing mobile Quranic memorization tool using multimedia interactive learning method for children. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 92(1), 20-27.
  50. Shukri, N. H. A., Nasir, M. K. M., & Razak, K. A. (2020). Educationa strategies on memorizing the Quran: A review of literature. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 9(2), 632-648. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v9-i2/7649
  51. Verbert, K., Duval, E., Klerkx, J., Govaerts, S., & Santos, J. L. (2013). Learning analytics dashboard applications. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(10), 1500-1509. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764213479363
  52. Yaacob, M. T., Suratman, M. N., Shuib, S., Samsungei, M. A., Azali, M. F. M., Manaf, A. J. A., & Abdullah, I. (2019). Kaedah hafazan Al-Quran model Malaysia teras panduan penghafaz Al-Quran [Al-Quran memorization method Malaysian model core Al-Quran memorizaion guide]. In A. H. H. Salihin, S. Ghozali, R. A. Latif, O. Muda & M. Z. Ismail (Eds.), Darul Quran Selangor, JAKIM (2019th Ed.). Darul Quran JAKIM.
  53. Yusoff, H., Anuar, A., Asmuni, A., & Arif, I. (2018). Characteristics of effective assatizah in higher religious institutions (HRIs). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(11), 168-180. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v8-i11/4893
  54. Yusuf, S. A. M., Noh, M. A. C., & Razak, K. A. (2019). Tahfiz teachers ability in teaching of the subject Hifz Quran in implementing integrated curriculum Tahfiz (KBT) secondary schools. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(5), 836-850. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i5/6010
  55. Zakariah, M., Khan, M. K., Tayan, O., & Salah, K. (2017). Digital Quran computing: Review, classification, and trend analysis. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 42(8), 3077-3102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-017-2415-4
  56. Zaki, Z. M., Mohamad, K. A., & Basri, M. (2019). Quran memorization method based on vark learning style (Kaedah hafalan Al-Quran berasaskan kecenderungan gaya pembelajaran VARK). ResearchGate. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.15097.21605